Long web pages were common in the mid to late nineteen nineties. Old servers used to charge by the number of pages you stored on them, and the number of pages that were downloaded. Therefore many developers created long pages on content, instead of breaking it down into smaller chunks. To make navigation within the…
HTML documents came out of the desire to share information from one place to the next. But an early determination was that there was a need to interconnect related documents. That way, instead of having to incorporate all the information from multiple sources, the author could reference another document and it would be easy to…
Now we want to edit the links in our navigation bar. We have not looked at linking elements yet, so we’ll ignore the links themselves, and focus on initial styling. First we’ll set our nav tag. These three rules will set the padding, so we have some space around our navigation bar, fix it so…
A very similar problem to the Traveling Salesperson problem is finding the best route. And this one you most likely have directly encountered. Have you ever tried to find a way to a destination using more than one map finding software? Maybe you used Google Maps, MapQuest, and your car’s GPS, and they all gave…
Let’s look at one of the oldest examples of a graph problem. The idea comes from a real life problem where a salesperson needs to visit a series of cities to visit potential clients. A company wanted to find the most efficient path for him to take to visit all of the cities he needed…
Graph problems look similar to tree problems, but there are a few differences. Trees have a series of nodes. Each node may have zero, one, or multiple child nodes, but it can only be referenced from parent to child, or child to parent. In a graph, each node is called a vertex. Each Vertex can…
Multi-dimensional arrays, often called a matrix, are possible in C++. C/C++ treats them as an array of arrays. Because of how they are defined, each array within the array will be of the same size. This actually makes them easier to work with. To define them, you use two sets of brackets, and can think…
A C String is actually an array of characters. While C strings are a thing, generally speaking it is best to use the C++ string object. However, if you run into an older application, or someone who wants to do things old style, it is good to know how to use a C-String. Additionally, any…
